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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Sound Waves

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Sound Waves

A car travelling at 108 km h^ -1 encounters another car ahead of it...

A car travelling at 108 km h−1108 \text{ km h}^{-1} encounters another car ahead of it moving in the same direction at 72 km h−172 \text{ km h}^{-1}. The first car sounds a horn with a dominant frequency of 800 Hz800 \text{ Hz}. Determine the apparent frequency heard by the driver in the front car. The speed of sound in air is 330 m s−1330 \text{ m s}^{-1}.

Options

  1. A778 Hz778 \text{ Hz}
  2. B827 Hz827 \text{ Hz}
  3. C930 Hz930 \text{ Hz}
  4. D933 Hz933 \text{ Hz}

Correct answer

B. 827 Hz827 \text{ Hz}

Step-by-step solution

Speed of the first car (source), vs=108 km h−1=108×518 m s−1=30 m s−1v_s = 108 \text{ km h}^{-1} = 108 \times \dfrac{5}{18} \text{ m s}^{-1} = 30 \text{ m s}^{-1}

Speed of the second car (observer), vo=72 km h−1=72×518 m s−1=20 m s−1v_o = 72 \text{ km h}^{-1} = 72 \times \dfrac{5}{18} \text{ m s}^{-1} = 20 \text{ m s}^{-1}

Actual frequency of the horn, f=800 Hzf = 800 \text{ Hz}

Speed of sound, v=330 m s−1v = 330 \text{ m s}^{-1}

The source is moving towards the observer and the observer is moving away from the source.

Using the Doppler effect formula for apparent frequency:

f' = f \left(\dfrac{v - v_o}{v - v_s} \right)

Substituting the given values:

f′=800(330−20330−30)f' = 800 \left( \dfrac{330 - 20}{330 - 30} \right)

f' = 800 \left(\dfrac{310}{300} \right)

f′=800×f' = 800 \times\dfrac{31}{30}

f′=f' =\dfrac{2480}{3} \approx826.67 Hz826.67 \text{ Hz}

Rounding off to the nearest integer, the apparent frequency is 827 Hz827 \text{ Hz}.
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