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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Sound Waves

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Sound Waves

A sound source is fixed at the origin and continuously emits sound...

A sound source is fixed at the origin and continuously emits sound at a frequency of 660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}. The sound propagates through air at a speed of 330 m s−1330 \text{ m s}^{-1}. A listener travels along the line x=336 mx = 336 \text{ m} with a constant speed of 26 m s−126 \text{ m s}^{-1}. Calculate the frequency of the sound observed by the listener when he is positioned at y=0y = 0.

Options

  1. A660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}
  2. B680 Hz680 \text{ Hz}
  3. C712 Hz712 \text{ Hz}
  4. D640 Hz640 \text{ Hz}

Correct answer

A. 660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}

Step-by-step solution

The sound source is stationary and fixed at the origin (0,0)(0,0).

The listener travels along the line x=336 mx = 336 \text{ m}, which means the listener's velocity is directed along the y-axis (i.e., v⃗L=±26j^ m s−1\vec{v}_L = \pm 26 \hat{j} \text{ m s}^{-1}).

When the listener is positioned at y=0y = 0, their coordinates are (336,0)(336, 0). The line of sight joining the source to the listener is along the x-axis.

The angle θ\theta between the listener's velocity vector (along the y-axis) and the line of sight (along the x-axis) is 90∘90^{\circ}.

The component of the listener's velocity along the direction of sound propagation is:
vL,∥=vLcos⁡(90∘)=0v_{L,\parallel} = v_L \cos(90^{\circ}) = 0

According to the Doppler effect for a stationary source and a moving observer, the observed frequency f′f' is given by:
f' = f_0 \left(\dfrac{v \pm v_{L,\parallel}}{v} \right)

Substituting the given values:
f' = 660 \left(\dfrac{330 \pm 0}{330} \right) =660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}

Since the listener's velocity has no component along the line joining the source and the listener at that instant, there is no Doppler shift. The observed frequency is equal to the emitted frequency.

Answer: 660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}
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