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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electric Current through Gases

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Electric Current through Gases

Within a discharge tube filled with a gas, a molecule undergoes...

Within a discharge tube filled with a gas, a molecule undergoes ionization, causing an electron to be detached. An electric field of 5.0 kV m−15.0 \text{ kV m}^{-1} is present in the region of the event. Given that the mean free path of the electron is 1.0 mm1.0 \text{ mm}, estimate the transit time of the free electron between successive collisions.

Options

  1. A3.0 ns3.0 \text{ ns}
  2. B1.5 ns1.5 \text{ ns}
  3. C2.2 ns2.2 \text{ ns}
  4. D0.75 ns0.75 \text{ ns}

Correct answer

B. 1.5 ns1.5 \text{ ns}

Step-by-step solution

The acceleration of the electron in the electric field is given by:

a=eEma = \dfrac{eE}{m}

Assuming the electron starts from rest after being detached, the distance traveled between successive collisions is the mean free path λ\lambda. Using the equation of motion s=ut+12at2s = ut + \dfrac{1}{2}at^2 with u=0u = 0 and s=λs = \lambda:

λ=12at2=12(eEm)t2\lambda = \dfrac{1}{2}at^2 = \dfrac{1}{2} \left( \dfrac{eE}{m} \right) t^2

Rearranging for the transit time tt:

t=2mλeEt = \sqrt{\dfrac{2m\lambda}{eE}}

Substituting the given values (E=5.0×103 V m−1E = 5.0 \times 10^3 \text{ V m}^{-1}, λ=1.0×10−3 m\lambda = 1.0 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}, m=9.1×10−31 kgm = 9.1 \times 10^{-31} \text{ kg}, e=1.6×10−19 Ce = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C}):

t=2×9.1×10−31×1.0×10−31.6×10−19×5.0×103t = \sqrt{\dfrac{2 \times 9.1 \times 10^{-31} \times 1.0 \times 10^{-3}}{1.6 \times 10^{-19} \times 5.0 \times 10^3}}

t=18.2×10−348.0×10−16t = \sqrt{\dfrac{18.2 \times 10^{-34}}{8.0 \times 10^{-16}}}

t=2.275×10−18t = \sqrt{2.275 \times 10^{-18}}

t≈1.5×10−9 s=1.5 nst \approx 1.5 \times 10^{-9} \text{ s} = 1.5 \text{ ns}
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