A magnet's north pole is brought downward along the axis of a horizontal circular coil, as shown in the figure. This causes the flux through the coil to shift from 0.35 weber to 0.85 weber in a time interval of half a second. Determine the average emf induced during this duration, and identify if the induced current is clockwise or anticlockwise when observing the coil from the side of the magnet.

Step-by-step solution

According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the magnitude of the average induced emf is given by: |e| = t Given: Initial flux, ₁ = 0.35 Wb Final flux, ₂ = 0.85 Wb Time interval, t = 0.5 s Substituting the values: |e| = 0.85 - 0.35 0.5 = 0.50 0.5 = 1.0 V According to Lenz's law, the induced current will oppose the cause that produces it. As the north pole of the magnet approaches the coil, the downward magnetic flux through the coil increases. To oppose this increase, the induced current must produce an