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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Heat Transfer

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Heat Transfer

An icebox almost entirely filled with ice at 0^ ^ ^ C is submerged...

An icebox almost entirely filled with ice at 0^{}^{{}^{\circ}} C is submerged in a large volume of water at 20^{}^{{}^{\circ}} C. The walls of the box have a surface area of 2400 cm22400 \text{ cm}^2, a thickness of 2.0 mm2.0 \text{ mm}, and a thermal conductivity of 0.06 \text{ W m}^{-1} ^{}^{{}^{\circ}} C^{-1}. Determine the rate at which the ice melts inside the box. (Latent heat of fusion of ice =3.4×105 J kg−1= 3.4 \times 10^5 \text{ J kg}^{-1})

Options

  1. A5.4 kg h−15.4 \text{ kg h}^{-1}
  2. B0.42 kg h−10.42 \text{ kg h}^{-1}
  3. C3.0 kg h−13.0 \text{ kg h}^{-1}
  4. D1.5 kg h−11.5 \text{ kg h}^{-1}

Correct answer

D. 1.5 kg h−11.5 \text{ kg h}^{-1}

Step-by-step solution

The rate of heat transfer through the walls of the icebox is given by Fourier's law of heat conduction:

dQdt=kA(T2−T1)d\dfrac{dQ}{dt} = \dfrac{kA(T_2 - T_1)}{d}

Substituting the given values:
k = 0.06 \text{ W m}^{-1} ^{}^{{}^{\circ}}\textC^{-1}
A=2400 cm2=0.24 m2A = 2400 \text{ cm}^2 = 0.24 \text{ m}^2
T_2 - T_1 = 20 - 0 = 20^{}^{{}^{\circ}}\text{C}
d=2.0 mm=2×10−3 md = 2.0 \text{ mm} = 2 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}

dQdt=0.06×0.24×202×10−3=144 J s−1\dfrac{dQ}{dt} = \dfrac{0.06 \times 0.24 \times 20}{2 \times 10^{-3}} = 144 \text{ J s}^{-1}

The rate at which the ice melts is given by:

dmdt=1LdQdt\dfrac{dm}{dt} = \dfrac{1}{L} \dfrac{dQ}{dt}

Substituting L=3.4×105 J kg−1L = 3.4 \times 10^5 \text{ J kg}^{-1}:

dmdt=1443.4×105 kg s−1\dfrac{dm}{dt} = \dfrac{144}{3.4 \times 10^5} \text{ kg s}^{-1}

To find the rate in kg h−1\text{kg h}^{-1}, multiply by 3600 s3600 \text{ s}:

dmdt=144×36003.4×105 kg h−1\dfrac{dm}{dt} = \dfrac{144 \times 3600}{3.4 \times 10^5} \text{ kg h}^{-1}

dmdt=518400340000≈1.52 kg h−1\dfrac{dm}{dt} = \dfrac{518400}{340000} \approx 1.52 \text{ kg h}^{-1}

Rounding off to two significant figures, the rate at which the ice melts is 1.5 kg h−11.5 \text{ kg h}^{-1}.
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