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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Magnetic Field

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Magnetic Field

A current-carrying wire joining two fixed points a and b is placed...

A current-carrying wire joining two fixed points aa and bb is placed in a uniform magnetic field. The force acting on the wire is:

Options

  1. Adependent on the total length of the wire.
  2. Bindependent of the shape of the wire.
  3. Cdependent on the shape of the wire.
  4. Dalways zero.

Correct answer

B. independent of the shape of the wire.

Step-by-step solution

The magnetic force on a small element dl⃗d\vec{l} of the wire carrying current II in a magnetic field B⃗\vec{B} is given by dF⃗=I(dl⃗×B⃗)d\vec{F} = I(d\vec{l} \times \vec{B}).

The total force on the wire from point aa to point bb is obtained by integrating the force over the entire length of the wire:

F⃗=∫abI(dl⃗×B⃗)\vec{F} = \int_a^{b} I(d\vec{l} \times \vec{B})

Since the magnetic field B⃗\vec{B} is uniform, it is constant and can be taken out of the integral:

F⃗=I(∫abdl⃗)×B⃗\vec{F} = I \left( \int_a^{b} d\vec{l} \right) \times \vec{B}

The integral ∫abdl⃗\int_a^{b} d\vec{l} is simply the displacement vector L⃗\vec{L} from the initial point aa to the final point bb.

F⃗=I(L⃗×B⃗)\vec{F} = I(\vec{L} \times \vec{B})

This expression shows that the net magnetic force depends only on the displacement vector between the two fixed points aa and bb, the current II, and the uniform magnetic field B⃗\vec{B}. It does not depend on the actual path taken by the wire between these two points. Thus, the force is independent of the shape of the wire.
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