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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Magnetic Field

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Magnetic Field

A straight wire of mass m and length l is able to slide on two...

A straight wire of mass mm and length ll is able to slide on two parallel plastic rails positioned in a horizontal plane with a separation dd. The coefficient of friction between the wire and the rails is μ\mu. If the wire carries a current ii, determine the minimum magnetic field that must be present in the space to make the wire slide on the rails.

Options

  1. Amgμil\dfrac{m g}{\mu i l}
  2. Bμmgid\dfrac{\mu m g}{i d}
  3. Cmgμid\dfrac{m g}{\mu i d}
  4. Dμmgil\dfrac{\mu m g}{i l}

Correct answer

D. μmgil\dfrac{\mu m g}{i l}

Step-by-step solution

Since the rails are made of plastic, they are non-conducting. Therefore, the current ii must flow through the entire length ll of the wire, not just the part between the rails.

Let the magnetic field BB be applied vertically to the horizontal plane. The magnetic force acting on the current-carrying wire is given by:
Fm=ilBF_m = i l B

The normal reaction force on the wire due to its weight is:
N=mgN = m g

The maximum static frictional force opposing the motion of the wire is:
f=μN=μmgf = \mu N = \mu m g

For the wire to just start sliding on the rails, the magnetic force must be equal to or greater than the maximum static frictional force:
Fm≥fF_m \ge f

Substituting the expressions for FmF_m and ff:
ilB≥μmgi l B \ge \mu m g

Rearranging the inequality to solve for the minimum magnetic field BB:
B≥μmgilB \ge \dfrac{\mu m g}{i l}

Thus, the minimum magnetic field required to make the wire slide is μmgil\dfrac{\mu m g}{i l}.
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