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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Magnetic Field due to a Current

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Magnetic Field due to a Current

A long wire carrying a current i is bent to create a plane angle α...

A long wire carrying a current ii is bent to create a plane angle α\alpha. Determine the magnetic field BB at a point located on the angle bisector at a distance xx from the vertex.

Options

  1. Aμ0i2πxcot⁡α4\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{2\pi x} \cot\dfrac{\alpha}{4}
  2. Bμ0i4πxcot⁡α4\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{4\pi x} \cot\dfrac{\alpha}{4}
  3. Cμ0i2πxtan⁡α4\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{2\pi x} \tan\dfrac{\alpha}{4}
  4. Dμ0i2πxcot⁡α2\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{2\pi x} \cot\dfrac{\alpha}{2}

Correct answer

A. μ0i2πxcot⁡α4\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{2\pi x} \cot\dfrac{\alpha}{4}

Step-by-step solution

The bent wire can be considered as two semi-infinite straight wires joined at the vertex.

Let the point on the angle bisector be PP, located at a distance xx from the vertex. The perpendicular distance dd from PP to each semi-infinite wire is given by:

d=xsin⁡d = x \sin\left(\dfrac{\alpha}{2}\right)

For each semi-infinite wire, the magnetic field at PP is determined by the angles subtended by its ends at PP with respect to the perpendicular. One end extends to infinity, subtending an angle θ2=\theta_2 =\dfrac{\pi}{2}. The other end is at the vertex, subtending an angle θ1=\theta_1 =\dfrac{\pi}{2} - \dfrac{\alpha}{2}.

The magnetic field due to one semi-infinite wire is:

B1=B_1 =\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{4\pi d} (\sin\theta_1 + \sin\theta_2)<br><br>Substitutingthevaluesof<br><br>Substituting the values ofd,,\theta_1,and, and\theta_2:<br><br>:<br><br>B_1 = μ0i4πxsin⁡(α2)[sin⁡(π2−α2)+sin⁡(π2)]\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{4\pi x \sin\left(\dfrac{\alpha}{2}\right)} \left[\sin \left(\dfrac{\pi}{2} - \dfrac{\alpha}{2}\right) + \sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\right]

B1=μ0i4πxsin⁡(α2)B_1 = \dfrac{\mu_0 i}{4\pi x \sin \left(\dfrac{\alpha}{2}\right)} \left(\cosα2+cos\dfrac{\alpha}{2} +1\right)<br><br>Bytheright−handrule,themagneticfieldsproducedbybothsemi−infinitesegmentsatpoint<br><br>By the right-hand rule, the magnetic fields produced by both semi-infinite segments at pointPpointinthesamedirection.Thetotalmagneticfieldpoint in the same direction. The total magnetic fieldB is the sum of the fields from both wires:

B=2B1=B = 2B_1 =\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{2\pi x \sin \left(\dfrac{\alpha}{2}\right)}$(1+$cosα2)<br><br>Usingthehalf−angletrigonometricidentities\left(1 + \$cos\dfrac{\alpha}{2}\right)<br><br>Using the half-angle trigonometric identities1 + \cosα2=cos\dfrac{\alpha}{2} =2\cos⁡2α4and\cos^2\dfrac{\alpha}{4} and\sinα2=sin\dfrac{\alpha}{2} =2\sinα4cos⁡α4:<br><br>sin\dfrac{\alpha}{4}\cos\dfrac{\alpha}{4}:<br><br>B = μ0i2πx(2cos⁡2α42sin⁡α4cos⁡α4)\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{2\pi x} \left(\dfrac{2\cos^2\dfrac{\alpha}{4}}{2\sin\dfrac{\alpha}{4}\cos\dfrac{\alpha}{4}}\right)

B=μ0i2πxcot⁡α4B = \dfrac{\mu_0 i}{2\pi x} \cot\dfrac{\alpha}{4}

Answer: μ0i2πxcot⁡α4\dfrac{\mu_0 i}{2\pi x} \cot\dfrac{\alpha}{4}
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