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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
The Nucleus

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · The Nucleus

A charged capacitor with capacitance C undergoes discharge through...

A charged capacitor with capacitance CC undergoes discharge through a resistance RR. Simultaneously, a radioactive sample decays with an average-life τ\tau. Determine the value of RR such that the ratio of the electrostatic field energy stored in the capacitor to the activity of the radioactive sample stays constant over time.

Options

  1. A2τC\dfrac{2\tau}{C}
  2. BC2τ\dfrac{C}{2\tau}
  3. Cτ2C\dfrac{\tau}{2C}
  4. DτC\dfrac{\tau}{C}

Correct answer

A. 2τC\dfrac{2\tau}{C}

Step-by-step solution

The charge on the capacitor during discharge at time tt is given by q(t)=q0e−t/RCq(t) = q_0 e^{-t/RC}.

The electrostatic field energy stored in the capacitor is U(t)=q(t)22C=q022Ce−2t/RCU(t) = \dfrac{q(t)^2}{2C} = \dfrac{q_0^2}{2C} e^{-2t/RC}.

The activity of a radioactive sample with average life τ\tau at time tt is A(t)=A0e−t/τA(t) = A_0 e^{-t/\tau}.

The ratio of the electrostatic field energy to the activity is given by:

U(t)A(t)=q022CA0e−t(2RC−1τ)\dfrac{U(t)}{A(t)} = \dfrac{q_0^2}{2C A_0} e^{-t\left(\dfrac{2}{RC} - \dfrac{1}{\tau}\right)}

For this ratio to remain constant over time, the power of the exponential term must be zero. Thus:

2RC−1τ=0\dfrac{2}{RC} - \dfrac{1}{\tau} = 0

2RC=1τ\dfrac{2}{RC} = \dfrac{1}{\tau}

R=2τCR = \dfrac{2\tau}{C}
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