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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Gauss's Law

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Gauss's Law

An electric dipole is positioned at the centre of a sphere. Choose...

An electric dipole is positioned at the centre of a sphere. Choose the correct statements:

Options

  1. AThe electric field is non-zero at all points on the sphere
  2. BThe electric field is zero along a circle on the sphere
  3. CThe electric field is zero at every point on the sphere
  4. DThe electric flux through the sphere is zero

Correct answer

D. The electric flux through the sphere is zero

Step-by-step solution

The electric field due to a short dipole at a distance rr from its centre is given by E=p4πϵ0r31+3cos⁡2θE = \dfrac{p}{4\pi\epsilon_0 r^3} \sqrt{1 + 3\cos^2\theta}, where θ\theta is the angle made by the position vector with the dipole moment.

For any point on the sphere of radius rr, the magnitude of the electric field is minimum at the equatorial plane (θ=π2\theta = \dfrac{\pi}{2}), where E=p4πϵ0r3E = \dfrac{p}{4\pi\epsilon_0 r^3}, which is non-zero. Thus, the electric field is non-zero at all points on the sphere.

An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges, +q+q and −q-q. The net charge enclosed by the sphere is qenclosed=+q−q=0q_{enclosed} = +q - q = 0.

According to Gauss's law, the net electric flux through the sphere is Φ=qenclosedϵ0=0\Phi = \dfrac{q_{enclosed}}{\epsilon_0} = 0.
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