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JEE Main 201510 AprilOnline
Exam
JEE Main
Year
2015
Date
10 April
Mode
Online
Subject
Chemistry
Chapter
s Block Elements

JEE Main 2015 · 10 April · Online · Chemistry · s Block Elements

The correct order of thermal stability of hydroxides is

The correct order of thermal stability of hydroxides is

Options

  1. AMg( OH )Mg{\left(\text{ OH }\right)}_{2} < Sr{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Ca{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Ba{\left(OH\right)}_{2}
  2. BMg( OH )Mg{\left(\text{ OH }\right)}_{2} < Ca{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Sr{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Ba{\left(OH\right)}_{2}
  3. CBa( OH )Ba{\left(\text{ OH }\right)}_{2} < Sr{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Ca{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Mg{\left(OH\right)}_{2}
  4. DBa( OH )Ba{\left(\text{ OH }\right)}_{2} < Ca{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Sr{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Mg{\left(OH\right)}_{2}

Correct answer

B. Mg( OH )Mg{\left(\text{ OH }\right)}_{2} < Ca{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Sr{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Ba{\left(OH\right)}_{2}

Step-by-step solution

Mg(OH)2<Ca(OH)2<Sr(OH)2<Ba(OH)2Mg{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Ca{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Sr{\left(OH\right)}_{2} < Ba{\left(OH\right)}_{2}

Thermal stability increases down the group due to the decrease in the charge density of the metal cation. All group 2 metal ions have the same charge (2+) but the smaller ones at the top of the group have it all packed into a smaller space, so they polarise the O-H bond more (pull electrons towards the oxygen). This means the O-H bond is already partly broken, so it requires less heat to break fully. As you go down the group, the O-H is less polarised by the larger group 2 cations with a lower charge density, so the thermal stability increases.

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