Given below are two statements: Statement I : Rotation of the earth...

The variation of acceleration due to gravity with the rotation of Earth can be written as

$g ' = g - {\omega}^{2}R\cos^{2}\lambda . . . \left(1\right)$

Substitute $0 °$ for $\lambda$ for equatorial position to obtain the acceleration due to gravity.

$\begin{cases}g ' & = & g - {\omega}^{2}R\cos^{2}0 ° \\ & = & g - {\omega}^{2}R\end{cases}$

Substitute $90 °$ for $\lambda$ for polar position to obtain the acceleration due to gravity.

$\begin{cases}g ' & = & g - {\omega}^{2}R\cos^{2}90 ° \\ & = & g\end{cases}$

The above two equations show that the effect on acceleration due to gravity is maximum at the equator and minimum at pole.