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JEE Main 20137 April
Exam
JEE Main
Year
2013
Date
7 April
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Mechanical Properties of Fluids

JEE Main 2013 · 7 April · Physics · Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Assume that a drop of a liquid evaporates by a decrease in its...

Assume that a drop of a liquid evaporates by a decrease in its surface energy so that its temperature remains unchanged. The minimum radius of the drop for this to be possible is. (The surface tension is TT, the density of the liquid isρρ and LL is its latent heat of vaporisation.)Assume that a drop of a liquid evaporates by a decrease in its surface energy so that its temperature remains

Options

  1. ATρL\dfrac{T}{ρL}
  2. B2TρL\dfrac{2T}{ρL}
  3. CρLT\dfrac{ρL}{T}
  4. DTρL\sqrt{\dfrac{T}{ρL}}

Correct answer

B. 2TρL\dfrac{2T}{ρL}

Step-by-step solution

Let the radius of the drop at time t=tt = t be rr and at an instant t=t+dtt = t + dt be r−drr - dr

Assume that a drop of a liquid evaporates by a decrease in its surface energy so that its temperature remains

As surface area is given by, A=4πr2A = 4\pi{r}^{2},

∴∴ decrease in surface area is,

dA=4π(2rdr)dA = 4\pi\left(2rdr\right)

∴∴ Decrease in surface energy during time dtdt is,

dU=TdA=T⋅8πrdr...(1)dU = TdA = T \cdot 8\pi rdr . . . \left(1\right)

Decrease in volume during time dtdt is,

dV=4πr2drdV = 4\pi{r}^{2}dr

∴∴ Decrease in mass during time dtdt is,

dm=ρdV=4πρr2drdm = ρdV = 4\piρ{r}^{2}dr

∴∴ Heat required in vaporisation is,

dQ=Ldm=4πρr2drL...(2)dQ = Ldm = 4\piρ{r}^{2}drL . . . \left(2\right)

Apply conservation of energy,

decrease in surface energy=heat required in vaporisation.

⇒dU=dQ⇒ dU = dQ

⇒8Tπrdr=4πρr2drL⇒ 8T\pi rdr = 4\piρ{r}^{2}drL

⇒2T=ρrL⇒ 2T = ρrL

⇒r=2TρL⇒ r = \dfrac{2T}{ρL}

Hence, the minimum radius is 2TρL\dfrac{2T}{ρL}

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