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JEE Main 20172 April
Exam
JEE Main
Year
2017
Date
2 April
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Nuclear Physics

JEE Main 2017 · 2 April · Physics · Nuclear Physics

A radioactive nucleus A with a half-life T , decays into a nucleus...

A radioactive nucleus Awithahalf−lifewith a half-lifeT,decaysintoanucleus, decays into a nucleusB.At. Att = 0,thereisnonucleus, there is no nucleusB.Atsometime. At some timet,theratioofthenumberof, the ratio of the number ofBtothatofAto that of A is 0.30\text{.}3. Then, tt is given by: \left(\text{Consider}\log_{e}\left(x\right) = \log \left(x\right)\right)

Options

  1. At = \dfrac{T}{log \left(1.3\right)}
  2. Bt=T2log⁡2log⁡1.3t = \dfrac{T}{2}\dfrac{\log 2}{\log 1.3}
  3. Ct=Tlog⁡1.3log⁡2t = T\dfrac{\log 1.3}{\log 2}
  4. Dt=Tlog(1.3)t = Tlog\left(1.3\right)

Correct answer

C. t=Tlog⁡1.3log⁡2t = T\dfrac{\log 1.3}{\log 2}

Step-by-step solution

Let NA{N}_{A} and NB{N}_{B} be the number of molecules of AA and BB after time tt.

Also, after time tt, NBNA=0.3\dfrac{{N}_{B}}{{N}_{A}} = 0.3(given).

Also, let N0{N}_{0} be the total number of nucleus initial

After time tt, NA+NB=N0{N}_{A} + {N}_{B} = {N}_{0}

NA+0.3NA=N0{N}_{A} + 0.3{N}_{A} = {N}_{0}

∴NA=N01.3∴ {N}_{A} = \dfrac{{N}_{0}}{1.3}

Also, the rate of disintegration of AA

NA=N0e−\lambdat{N}_{A} = {N}_{0} {e}^{- \lambdat}

⇒N01.3=N0e−\lambdat;11.3=e−\lambdatorlog(1.3)=\lambdat⇒ \dfrac{{N}_{0}}{1.3} = {N}_{0} {e}^{- \lambdat} ; \dfrac{1}{1.3} = {e}^{- \lambdat} orlog( 1.3 ) = \lambdat

t=log⁡(1.3)λt = \dfrac{\log ( 1 .3 )}{\lambda}

∴t=Tlog(1.3)log⁡(2)=Tlog(1.3)log⁡2∴ t = \dfrac{Tlog( 1 .3 )}{\log ( 2 )} = \dfrac{Tlog( 1 .3 )}{\log 2}.

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