Which of the following dopants is used in germanium to form n-type semiconductor?

Step-by-step solution

To form an n-type semiconductor from germanium, a pentavalent impurity with five valence electrons is required. Such impurities donate an extra electron that becomes a conduction electron, making electrons the majority charge carriers. Among the options: As (Arsenic) is Group 15 with five valence electrons and creates n-type semiconductor; B (Boron) , In (Indium) , and Ga (Gallium) are all Group 13 elements with three valence electrons, creating hole-dominated p-type semiconductors. The correct dopant for n-type ge