A vehicle is moving with uniform speed along 3 different shaped roads as horizontal, concave and convex. The surface of road on which, the normal reaction on vehicle is maximum is

Step-by-step solution

The normal reaction on the vehicle is determined by analyzing the forces when moving at uniform speed v on different surfaces. On a horizontal road, the gravitational force mg is balanced by the normal reaction N H , giving N H = mg . At the lowest point on a concave road, the centripetal force mv 2 / r is provided by the normal reaction exceeding gravity: N C − mg = mv 2 / r , leading to N C = mg + mv 2 / r . At the highest point on a convex road, gravity exceeds the normal reaction to provide the centripetal forc