Before industrialization in Great Britain, which insects had a...

Before industrialization in Great Britain, the tree trunks were light-colored due to the abundant growth of white lichens.

The white-winged moth, $Bistonbetularia$, was well camouflaged against these light-colored tree trunks and successfully escaped predation by birds.

In contrast, the dark-winged melanic moth, $Bistoncarbonaria$, was easily spotted against the light background and was heavily preyed upon.

As a result, $Bistonbetularia$ had a significantly higher population before industrialization.

Answer: Biston betularia