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NDA 2025
Exam
NDA
Year
2025
Subject
Mathematics
Chapter
Application of Derivatives

NDA 2025 · Mathematics · Application of Derivatives

Consider the following statements: Statement-I: The function f(x) =...

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: The function f(x)=x3+128xf(x) = \dfrac{x^3 + 128}{x} has a minimum value 48 at x=4x = 4.
Statement-II: As xx increases through 4, f′(x)f'(x) changes sign from positive to negative.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Options

  1. ABoth Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  2. BBoth Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  3. CStatement-I is correct but Statement-II is not correct
  4. DStatement-I is not correct but Statement-II is correct

Correct answer

C. Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is not correct

Step-by-step solution

Given f(x)=x3+128x=x2+128xf(x) = \dfrac{x^3 + 128}{x} = x^2 + \dfrac{128}{x}

Differentiating with respect to xx, we get:
f′(x)=2x−128x2=2(x3−64)x2f'(x) = 2x - \dfrac{128}{x^2} = \dfrac{2(x^3 - 64)}{x^2}

For critical points, f′(x)=0f'(x) = 0
⇒x3−64=0⇒x=4\Rightarrow x^3 - 64 = 0 \Rightarrow x = 4

At x=4x = 4, f(4)=43+1284=1924=48f(4) = \dfrac{4^3 + 128}{4} = \dfrac{192}{4} = 48

Now, checking the sign of f′(x)f'(x) around x=4x = 4:
For x<4x < 4, x3<64⇒f′(x)<0x^3 < 64 \Rightarrow f'(x) < 0 (negative)
For x>4x > 4, x3>64⇒f′(x)>0x^3 > 64 \Rightarrow f'(x) > 0 (positive)

Since f′(x)f'(x) changes sign from negative to positive as xx increases through 44, x=4x = 4 is a point of local minimum. The minimum value is 4848.

Thus, Statement-I is correct.

Statement-II claims that f′(x)f'(x) changes sign from positive to negative, which is incorrect.

Therefore, Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is not correct.

Answer: Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is not correct
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