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NDA 2015
Exam
NDA
Year
2015
Subject
Mathematics
Chapter
Continuity and Differentiability

NDA 2015 · Mathematics · Continuity and Differentiability

Consider the function f(x)=\ array ccc (α x)/(π-2 x) & If & x ≠...

Consider the function f(x)=\left\{αcos⁡xπ−2x If x≠π23 If x=π2\begin{array}{ccc} \frac{\alpha \cos x}{\pi-2 x} & \text{ If } & x \neq \frac{\pi}{2} \\ 3 & \text{ If } & x=\frac{\pi}{2} \end{array}\right. Which is continuous at x=π2x=\frac{\pi}{2}, where α\alpha is a constant. What is the value of α\alpha ?

Options

  1. A6
  2. B3
  3. C2
  4. D1

Correct answer

A. 6

Step-by-step solution

f(x)=\left\{αcos⁡xπ−2x if x≠π23 if x=π2\begin{array}{ccc} \frac{\alpha \cos x}{\pi-2 x} & \text{ if } & x \neq \frac{\pi}{2} \\ 3 & \text{ if } & x=\frac{\pi}{2} \end{array}\right. For continuity at x=π2 L.H.L. =lim⁡x→π−2f(x)=lim⁡x→π−2αcos⁡xπ−2x\mathrm{x}=\frac{\pi}{2}\text{ L.H.L. }=\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi^{-}}{2}} f(x)=\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi^{-}}{2}} \frac{\alpha \cos x}{\pi-2 x} Put x=π2−h\mathrm{x}=\frac{\pi}{2}-\mathrm{h} where x→π2\mathrm{x} \rightarrow \frac{\pi}{2}, then h→0\mathrm{h} \rightarrow 0∴ L.H.L. =lim⁡h→0αcos⁡(π2−h)π−2(π2−h)=lim⁡h→0αsin⁡hπ−π+2h[∵cos⁡(π2−θ)=sin⁡θ]=lim⁡h→02αsin⁡h2h=α2lim⁡h→0sin⁡hh=α2⋅1=α2[∵lim⁡θ→0sin⁡θθ=1] and R.H.L. =lim⁡x→π+2f(x)lim⁡x→π+2αcos⁡xπ−2π\begin{aligned} & \therefore \quad \text{ L.H.L. }=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\alpha \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-h\right)}{\pi-2\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-h\right)}=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\alpha \sin h}{\pi-\pi+2 h} \\ & {\left[\because \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta\right)=\sin \theta\right]} \\ & =\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{2 \alpha \sin h}{2 h}=\frac{\alpha}{2} \lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin h}{h} \\ & =\frac{\alpha}{2} \cdot 1=\frac{\alpha}{2} \quad\left[\because \lim _{\theta \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin \theta}{\theta}=1\right] \\ & \text{ and R.H.L. }=\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi^{+}}{2}} f(x) \lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi^{+}}{2}} \frac{\alpha \cos x}{\pi-2 \pi} \end{aligned}Put $\mathrm{x}=\frac{\pi}{2}+\mathrm{h}$ when $\mathrm{x} \rightarrow \frac{\pi}{2}$, then $\mathrm{h} \rightarrow 0\therefore \quad \text{ R.H.L. }=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\alpha \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}+h\right)}{\pi-2\left(\frac{\pi}{2}+h\right)}=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\alpha(-\sin h)}{\pi-\pi-2 h}\begin{array}{ll} =\lim _{h \rightarrow 0}-\frac{\alpha \sin h}{-2 h} & {\left[\because \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}+\theta\right)=-\sin \theta\right]} \\ =\frac{\alpha}{2} \lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin h}{h}=\frac{\alpha}{2} & \left(\because \lim _{\theta \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin \theta}{\theta}=1\right) \end{array}Also, \mathrm{f}$\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)=3$ Since, $f(x)$ is continuous at $x=\frac{\pi}{2}\begin{aligned}& \therefore \quad \text{ L.H.L. }=\text{ R.H.L. }=\mathrm{f} \left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)\\ \text{ and } \quad \frac{\alpha}{2}=\frac{\alpha}{2}=3 \\ \text{ and } \quad \alpha=6 \end{aligned}$$Hence,forHence, for\alpha=6,thegivenfunction(f)iscontinuous, the given function ( f ) is continuous\text{ at }}x=\frac{\pi}{2}$
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