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NDA 2017
Exam
NDA
Year
2017
Subject
Mathematics
Chapter
Sequences and Series

NDA 2017 · Mathematics · Sequences and Series

If 1.3+2.3^2+3.3^3+ .+n .3^n= (2 n-1) 3^ a +b 3 then a and b are...

If 1.3+2.32+3.33+….+n.3n=(2n−1)3a+b31.3+2.3^2+3.3^3+\ldots .+\mathrm{n} .3^n=\frac{(2 \mathrm{n}-1) 3^{\mathrm{a}}+\mathrm{b}}{3} then a and b are respectively

Options

  1. An,2\mathrm{n}, 2
  2. Bn,3\mathrm{n}, 3
  3. Cn+1,2\mathrm{n}+1,2
  4. Dn+1,3\mathrm{n}+1,3

Correct answer

D. n+1,3\mathrm{n}+1,3

Step-by-step solution

1.3+2.3^2+3.3^3+\ldots .+\mathrm{n} .3^{\mathrm{n}}=\frac{(2 \mathrm{n}-1) 3^{\mathrm{a}}+\mathrm{b}}{4}LetusputLet us put3=\mathrm{x}.L.H.S:. L.H.S:S=x+2 x^2+3 x^3+\ldots .+n \cdot x^n…(1)\ldots(1)\mathrm{xs}=\mathrm{x}^2+2 \mathrm{x}^3+3 \mathrm{x}^4+\ldots .+\mathrm{n} \cdot \mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}+1}…(2)(1)\ldots(2) (1)−(2)⇒S−xS=(x+2x2+3x3+….+n⋅xn)−(x2+2x3+3x4+….+n⋅xn+1)\begin{aligned}-(2) \Rightarrow \mathrm{S}-\mathrm{xS}=\left(\mathrm{x}+2 \mathrm{x}^2+3 \mathrm{x}^3+\right. & \left.\ldots .+\mathrm{n} \cdot \mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}}\right)-\left(\mathrm{x}^2+2 \mathrm{x}^3\right. \\ & \left.+3 \mathrm{x}^4+\ldots .+\mathrm{n} \cdot \mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}+1}\right)\end{aligned}\Rightarrow \mathrm{S}(1-\mathrm{x})=\mathrm{x}+\mathrm{x}^2+\mathrm{x}^3+\ldots .+\mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}}-\mathrm{nx}^{\mathrm{n}+1}⇒S(1−x)=x(1−xn)1−x−nxxn+1⇒ S=(1x−1)(−x(xn−1)+nxn+1(x−1)x−1)\begin{aligned} & \Rightarrow \mathrm{S}(1-\mathrm{x})=\frac{\mathrm{x}\left(1-\mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}}\right)}{1-\mathrm{x}}-\mathrm{nx} \mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}+1} \\ & \Rightarrow \mathrm{~S}=\left(\frac{1}{\mathrm{x}-1}\right)\left(\frac{-\mathrm{x}\left(\mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}}-1\right)+\mathrm{n} \mathrm{x}^{\mathrm{n}+1}(\mathrm{x}-1)}{\mathrm{x}-1}\right)\end{aligned}PutPutx=3,,\Rightarrow \mathrm{S}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{-3^{\mathrm{n}+1}+3+2 \mathrm{n} \cdot 3^{\mathrm{n}+1}}{2}\right)=\left(\frac{3^{\mathrm{n}+1}(2 \mathrm{n}-1)+3}{4}\right)
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