The bacterium (Clostridium botulinum) that causes botulism is:

The bacterium Clostridium botulinum is an obligate anaerobic, endosporeforming, gram positive, rod-shaped bacterium found in soil and in many freshwater sediments. Related Theory Clostridium botulinum causes botulism (food poisoning) occurs when a toxin produced by the bacteria is consumed in improperly preserved foods. The disease is caused by a potent neurotoxin produced by the bacteria.