Key Idea For the absorption of visible light, presence of unpaired d-electrons is the necessity.
(a) In
[Ni(CN)4]2−,Ni is present as
Ni2+.
Ni2+=[Ar]3
\mathrm{~d}^8 4
\mathrm{~s}^0
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(Pairing occurs because
CN−is a strong field ligand).
Since, in
[Ni(CN)4]2−, no unpaired electron is present in d-orbitals, it does not absorb visible light.
(b) In
[Cr(NH3)6]3+,Cr is present as
Cr3+.
Cr3+=[Ar]3 d34 s0 (Three unpaired electrons)
(c) In
[Fe(H2O)6]2+,Fe is present as
Fe2+.
Fe2+=[Ar]3 d64 s0 (Four unpaired electrons)
(d) In
[Ni(H2O)6]2+,
Ni is present as
Ni2+.
Ni2+=[Ar]3 d84 s0 (Two unpaired electrons)
The complexes given in option (b), (c), (d) have unpaired electrons, thus absorb visible light.