The reaction that produces butanoic acid as a product is

Step-by-step solution

The required product is butanoic acid ( CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-COOH ), which is a 4-carbon carboxylic acid. In option (1), the reactant is 2-pentanone ( CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CO-CH₃ ). Being a methyl ketone, it undergoes the haloform reaction when treated with NaOI . The terminal methyl group is removed as iodoform ( CHI₃ ), and subsequent acidification of the carboxylate salt yields butanoic acid ( CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-COOH ). In option (2), the reactant is pentanenitrile ( CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CN ). Complete acid hydrolysis of the cyano group yiel