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NTA Abhyas 2020
Exam
NTA Abhyas
Year
2020
Subject
Chemistry
Chapter
s Block Elements

NTA Abhyas 2020 · Chemistry · s Block Elements

Match the reactions given in column (I) with process/products in...

Match the reactions given in column (I) with process/products in column (II) and select the proper code of choice from the choices given at the end.
&
(I) & (II)

{(A)NaCl(aq)→Na++Cl−Na++e−→Na(s)2Cl−→Cl2(g)+2e−\begin{cases}(A) NaCl(aq) & \to & {Na}^{+} {+Cl}^{−} \\ {Na}^{+} +e^{−} & \to & Na(s) \\ {2Cl}^{−} & \to & {Cl}_{2} \left(g\right){+2e}^{−}\end{cases}		 p) Castner Kellner Cell
{(B)NaCl(aq)⟶Naaq++Claq−Na++e−⟶HgNa−Hg2Cl−⟶Cl2+2e−\begin{cases}(B) NaCl \left(aq\right) & ⟶ & {Na}_{aq}^{+} + {Cl}_{aq}^{-} \\ {Na}^{+} + e^{-} & \overset{Hg}{⟶} & Na - Hg \\ 2 {Cl}^{-} & ⟶ & {Cl}_{2} + 2 e^{-}\end{cases}
{Na−Hg+H2O⟶NaOH+Hg+12H2\begin{cases}Na - Hg + {H}_{2} O & ⟶ & NaOH + Hg + \dfrac{1}{2} {H}_{2}\end{cases}		 q) Bleaching Powder
& {(C)2Ca(OH)2+2Cl2⟶CaCl2+Ca(OCl)2+2H2O(Slakedlime)\begin{cases}(C) 2 Ca {\left(OH\right)}_{2} + 2 {Cl}_{2} & ⟶ & {CaCl}_{2} + Ca {\left(OCl\right)}_{2} + 2 {H}_{2} O \\ \left(Slaked lime\right) & & \end{cases} r) Solvay's Process
{(D)NaCl+NH3+CO2+H2O⟶NaHCO3+NH4Cl2NaHCO3⟶Na2CO3+H2O+CO2\begin{cases}(D) NaCl + {NH}_{3} + {CO}_{2} + {H}_{2} O & ⟶ & {NaHCO}_{3} + {NH}_{4} Cl \\ 2 {NaHCO}_{3} & ⟶ & {Na}_{2} {CO}_{3} + {H}_{2} O + {CO}_{2}\end{cases} s) & Down's Cell

Options

  1. AA→(s); B→(p); C→(q); D→(r)\text{A} \to \text{(s); B} \to \text{(p); C} \to \text{(q); D} \to \text{(r)}
  2. BA→(r); B→(p); C→(s); D→(q)\text{A} \to \text{(r); B} \to \text{(p); C} \to \text{(s); D} \to \text{(q)}
  3. CA→(p); B→(s); C→(r); D→(q)\text{A} \to \text{(p); B} \to \text{(s); C} \to \text{(r); D} \to \text{(q)}
  4. DA→(r); B→(q); C→(p); D→(s)\text{A} \to \text{(r); B} \to \text{(q); C} \to \text{(p); D} \to \text{(s)}

Correct answer

A. A→(s); B→(p); C→(q); D→(r)\text{A} \to \text{(s); B} \to \text{(p); C} \to \text{(q); D} \to \text{(r)}

Step-by-step solution

Sodium metal& It is manufactured by electrolysis of a fused mixture of \text{NaCl}\text{(40%)} and {\text{CaCl}_{2} \text{(60%)} in Down's cell at 873K.Na\text{873}\text{K}\text{.}\text{Na} liberated at the cathode is collected, in kerosene oil while {\text{Cl}_{2} is evolved at the anode.

{NaCl(l)→ElectrolysisNa++Cl−At cathodeNa++e−⟶Na(l)At anode2Cl−⟶Cl2(g)+2e−\begin{cases} & \text{NaCl} \left(l \right) & \overset{Electrolysis}{→} & {Na}^{+} + {Cl}^{-} \\ \text{At cathode} & {Na}^{+} + e^{-} & ⟶ & \text{Na} \left(l \right) \\ \text{At anode} & 2 {Cl}^{-} & ⟶ & {Cl}_{2} \left(\text{g}\right) + 2 e^{-}\end{cases}

Sodium hydroxide It is manufactured by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of NaCl\text{NaCl} (brine) in Castner - Kellner cell using mercury cathode and carbon anode. Sodium metal which is discharged at the cathode combines with mercury to form sodium amalgam. {\text{Cl}_{2} \text{.}

{At cathodeNa++e−⟶HgNa−amalgamAt anode2Cl−⟶Cl2+2e−\begin{cases}\text{At cathode} & {Na}^{+} + e^{-} & \overset{Hg}{⟶} & \text{Na} - \text{amalgam} \\ \text{At anode} & 2 {Cl}^{-} & ⟶ & {Cl}_{2} + 2 e^{-}\end{cases}

The sodium amalgam thus obtained is treated with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

{2Na−amalgam+2H2O⟶2NaOH+2Hg+H2\begin{cases}2 \text{Na} - \text{amalgam} + 2 {H}_{2} \text{O} & ⟶ & 2 \text{NaOH} + 2 \text{Hg} + {H}_{2}\end{cases}

Sodium carbonate It is obtained by Solvay ammonia process. When {\text{CO}_{2} is passed through a concentrated solution of brine (aqueous solution of NaCl\text{NaCl} ) saturated with ammonia, {\text{NaHCO}_{3} gets precipitated. {\text{NaHCO}_{3} on subsequent heating gives {\text{Na}_{2} {\text{CO}_{3} \text{.}

{NaCl+NH3+CO2+H2O⟶NaHCO3↓+NH4Cl2NaHCO3⟶ΔNa2CO3+CO2+H2O\begin{cases}\text{NaCl} + {NH}_{3} & + & {CO}_{2} + {H}_{2} \text{O} & ⟶ & {NaHCO}_{3} ↓ + {NH}_{4} \text{Cl} \\ & & 2 {NaHCO}_{3} & \overset{Δ}{⟶} & {Na}_{2} {CO}_{3} + {CO}_{2} + {H}_{2} \text{O}\end{cases}

It reacts with {\text{Cl}_{2} to form calcium hypochlorite, {\text{Ca(OCl)}_{2}

{2Ca(OH)2+2Cl2\toCaCl2+Ca(OCl)2+2H2OSlaked limeBleaching power\begin{cases}\text{2Ca}\left(\text{OH}\right)\text{2} & \text{+} & {2Cl}_{2} & \text{\to} & {CaCl}_{2}\text{+Ca}\left(\text{OCl}\right)\text{2} & \text{+} & {2H}_{2}\text{O} \\ \text{Slaked lime} & \text{Bleaching power}\end{cases}
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