The chromosomes can be divided based on the position of the centromere. A certain chromosome appears 'L' shaped during the anaphase stage and has centromere slightly away from the middle of the chromosome. Such a chromosome will be

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The metacentric chromosome has a middle centromere forming two equal arms of the chromosome. The sub-metacentric chromosome has centromere slightly away from the middle of the chromosome resulting in one shorter arm and one long arm. In case of an acrocentric chromosome, the centromere is situated close to its end forming one extremely short and one very long arm, whereas the telocentric chromosome has a terminal centromere.