Question 1

Match List I with List II : List I (Respiratory Volume) List II (Capacity in mL) A. ERV (Expiratory Reserve Volume) I. 2500 - 3000 mL B. RV (Residual Volume) II. 500 mL C. IRV (Inspiratory Reserve Vol

Accepted Answer

Tidal Volume (TV) is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration, which is approximately 500 mL. Thus, D matches II. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) is the additional volume of air a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration, averaging 2500 - 3000 mL. Thus, C matches I. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) is the additional volume of air a person can expire by a forcible expiration, averaging 1000 - 1100 mL. Thus, A matches III. Residual Volume (RV) is the volume of air remain

Question 2

In humans, respiration occurs in the following steps. Arrange these steps in the correct order. A. Diffusion of O _2 and CO _2 between blood and tissues. B. Diffusion of O _2 and CO _2 across alveolar

Accepted Answer

The steps of respiration in humans occur in the following sequence: First, pulmonary ventilation (breathing) takes place, by which atmospheric air is drawn in and CO _2 rich alveolar air is released out (C). Second, diffusion of gases ( O _2 and CO _2) occurs across the alveolar membrane (B). Third, transport of gases is carried out by the blood (E). Fourth, diffusion of O _2 and CO _2 takes place between the blood and tissues (A). Finally, cellular respiration occurs, where O _2 is utilised by

Question 3

Sponges exchange O_2 with CO_2 by __________.

Accepted Answer

Sponges, coelenterates, and flatworms exchange O_2 with CO_2 by simple diffusion over their entire body surfaces. Gills are used by most aquatic arthropods and molluscs. Earthworms use their moist cuticle for gas exchange. Insects have a network of tubes called tracheal tubes to transport atmospheric air within the body. Answer: simple diffusion over their entire body surfaces

Question 4

In water, frogs respire using __________.

Accepted Answer

Frogs are amphibians that can live both on land and in water. In water, frogs respire through their highly vascularized moist skin. This process is known as cutaneous respiration. The dissolved oxygen in water diffuses through the skin into the blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses out. On land, frogs use their buccal cavity, skin, and lungs for respiration. Answer: skin

Question 5

Frogs respire in water by skin and buccal cavity and on land by skin, buccal cavity and lungs. Choose the correct answer from the following :

Accepted Answer

- In water, frogs respire through skin and not through buccal cavity i.e., undergo cutaneous respiration only. - On land, the buccal cavity, skin and lungs act as respiratory organs i.e., undergo buccopharyngeal, cutaneous and pulmonary respiration.

Question 6

Match List-I with List-II. array |l|l|l|l| & List - I & & List - II \ A . & Emphysema & (i) & Rapid spasms in muscle due to low Ca ^ ++ in body fluid \ B. & Angina pectoris & (ii) & Damaged alveolar

Accepted Answer

array |l|l|l|l| Emphysema & Damaged alveolar walls and decreased respiratory surface \ Angina pectoris & Acute chest pain when not enough oxygen is reaching to heart muscle \ Glomerulonephritis & Inflammation of glomeruli of kidney \ Tetany & Rapid spasms in muscle due to low Ca ^ ++ in body fluid \ array

Question 7

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A: During the transportation of gases, about 20-25 percent of CO _2 is carried by Haemog

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is option (3) as nearly 20-25 precent of CO _2 is transported by RBCs whereas 70 percent of it is carried as bicarbonate. About 7 percent of CO _2 is carried in a dissolved state through plasma. The binding of CO _2 with haemoglobin is related to the partial pressure of CO _2 . pO _2 is a major factor which could affect this binding. When pCO _2 is high and pO _2 is low as in the tissues, more binding of CO _2 occurs. Percentage of a gas transported depends upon its partial pr

Question 8

Match List I with List II : Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Accepted Answer

Expiratory capacity = Tidal volume + Expiratory reserve volume Functional residual capacity = Expiratory reserve volume + Residual volume Vital capacity = Expiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume Inspiratory capacity = Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 9

Which of the following factors are favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin in alveoli?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is option (1) as Conditions favourable for formation of oxyhaemoglobin in alveoli are high pO _2, less H ^ + concentration low pCO _2 and low temperature. Option (2), (3) and (4) are not correct as they do not favour the formation of oxyhaemoglobin.

Question 10

Match List-I with List-II: array |l|l|r|l| & List-I & & List-II \ A. & Residual Volume & I. & array l Maximum volume of air that can be breathed in after forced \ expiration array \ B. & Vital Capa

Accepted Answer

Option (3) is the answer of this question because correct match is A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II. Option (1), (2) and (4) are incorrect because they are not correctly matched. Residual volume - Volume of air remaining in lungs after forcible expiration. Vital capacity - Maximum volume of air that can be breathed in after forced expiration. Expiratory Capacity - Total volume of air expired after normal inspiration. Tidal volume - Volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration.

Breathing and Exchange of Gases — Previous Year Questions & Solutions