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- Kinetic Theory of Gases
NEET · Physics · Kinetic Theory of Gases
A non-linear polyatomic gas is heated to a temperature such that...
A non-linear polyatomic gas is heated to a temperature such that exactly two of its vibrational modes become active. According to the law of equipartition of energy, the ratio of specific heat capacities for this gas is:
Options
- A
- B
- C
- D
Correct answer
A.
Step-by-step solution
For a non-linear polyatomic gas, the number of translational degrees of freedom is 3 and the number of rotational degrees of freedom is 3.
According to the law of equipartition of energy, each translational and rotational degree of freedom contributes to the molar heat capacity at constant volume (). Each active vibrational mode contributes to (since it has both kinetic and potential energy components).
Given that there are 2 active vibrational modes:
The molar heat capacity at constant pressure () is:
The ratio of specific heats is:
Assuming a vibrational mode contributes only leads to the incorrect value of 1.25, while ignoring vibrational modes entirely gives 1.33.
Answer:
According to the law of equipartition of energy, each translational and rotational degree of freedom contributes to the molar heat capacity at constant volume (). Each active vibrational mode contributes to (since it has both kinetic and potential energy components).
Given that there are 2 active vibrational modes:
The molar heat capacity at constant pressure () is:
The ratio of specific heats is:
Assuming a vibrational mode contributes only leads to the incorrect value of 1.25, while ignoring vibrational modes entirely gives 1.33.
Answer: