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MHT CET 202625 AprilMorning Shift
Exam
MHT CET
Year
2026
Date
25 April
Shift
Morning Shift
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Kinetic Theory of Gases

MHT CET 2026 · 25 April · Morning Shift · Physics · Kinetic Theory of Gases

The internal energy per molecule for a diatomic (non-rigid) gas is...

The internal energy per molecule for a diatomic (non-rigid) gas is (where kBk_B is Boltzmann's constant and TT is absolute temperature).

Options

  1. A32kBT\dfrac{3}{2}k_B T
  2. B52kBT\dfrac{5}{2}k_B T
  3. C72kBT\dfrac{7}{2}k_B T
  4. DkBTk_B T

Correct answer

C. 72kBT\dfrac{7}{2}k_B T

Step-by-step solution

For a non-rigid diatomic gas, the molecules possess translational, rotational, and vibrational motion.

The degrees of freedom are distributed as follows:
Translational degrees of freedom = 33
Rotational degrees of freedom = 22
Vibrational degrees of freedom = 22 (one for kinetic energy and one for potential energy)

Total degrees of freedom f=3+2+2=7f = 3 + 2 + 2 = 7

According to the law of equipartition of energy, the average energy associated with each degree of freedom per molecule is 12kBT\dfrac{1}{2}k_B T.

Internal energy per molecule = f2kBT=72kBT\dfrac{f}{2} k_B T = \dfrac{7}{2} k_B T

Answer: 72kBT\dfrac{7}{2}k_B T
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