Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): If a solid spherical conductor of radius R is given a charge Q , the magnitude of the electric field at a distance x ( x > 0 ) from its surface is Q 4 ₀(R+x)^2 . Reason (R): For calculating the electric field at an external point, the effective distance is measured from the surface of the charged s

Step-by-step solution

The electric field at an external point due to a charged spherical conductor is calculated by assuming its entire charge is concentrated at its geometric centre. If a point is at a distance x from the surface of a sphere of radius R , its distance from the centre of the sphere is r = R + x . The electric field is E = 1 4 ₀ Q r^2 = Q 4 ₀(R+x)^2 . Thus, the Assertion is correct. The Reason is incorrect because the effective distance for an external point is measured from the centre of the sphere, not from its surface