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NEET
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Physics
Chapter
Capacitance

NEET · Physics · Capacitance

In a circuit, three capacitors C_1, C_2 and C_3 are connected in...

In a circuit, three capacitors C1,C2C_1, C_2 and C3C_3 are connected in series in that order between terminals AA and DD. A fourth capacitor C4C_4 is connected between terminal AA and the junction of C2C_2 and C3C_3. A fifth capacitor C5C_5 is connected between terminal DD and the junction of C1C_1 and C2C_2. The capacitance values are given as C1=4μFC_1 = 4 \mu\text{F}, C2=10μFC_2 = 10 \mu\text{F}, C3=6μFC_3 = 6 \mu\text{F}, C4=2μFC_4 = 2 \mu\text{F} and C5=12μFC_5 = 12 \mu\text{F}. The equivalent capacitance of the network between terminals AA and DD is :

Options

  1. A4.5μF4.5 \mu\text{F}
  2. B14.5μF14.5 \mu\text{F}
  3. C5.33μF5.33 \mu\text{F}
  4. D34μF34 \mu\text{F}

Correct answer

A. 4.5μF4.5 \mu\text{F}

Step-by-step solution

Let the junction of C1C_1 and C2C_2 be node BB, and the junction of C2C_2 and C3C_3 be node CC.

The network can be redrawn to reveal a Wheatstone bridge configuration between terminals AA and DD.
The arms connected to terminal AA are C1C_1 (between AA and BB)andC4and C_4 (between AA and CC).
The arms connected to terminal DD are C5C_5 (between BB and DD)andC3and C_3 (between CC and DD).
The central capacitor is C2C_2 (between BB and CC).

Checking the balance condition:
C1C5=412=13\dfrac{C_1}{C_5} = \dfrac{4}{12} = \dfrac{1}{3}
C4C3=26=13\dfrac{C_4}{C_3} = \dfrac{2}{6} = \dfrac{1}{3}

Since C1C5=C4C3\dfrac{C_1}{C_5} = \dfrac{C_4}{C_3}, the bridge is balanced. The potential difference across C2C_2 is zero, so it can be removed from the circuit.

The equivalent circuit consists of two parallel branches:
Branch 1 (A−B−DA-B-D): C1C_1 and C5C_5 in series. Cbranch1=4×124+12=4816=3μFC_{branch1} = \dfrac{4 \times 12}{4 + 12} = \dfrac{48}{16} = 3 \mu\text{F}
Branch 2 (A−C−DA-C-D): C4C_4 and C3C_3 in series. Cbranch2=2×62+6=128=1.5μFC_{branch2} = \dfrac{2 \times 6}{2 + 6} = \dfrac{12}{8} = 1.5 \mu\text{F}

Total equivalent capacitance Ceq=Cbranch1+Cbranch2=3+1.5=4.5μFC_{eq} = C_{branch1} + C_{branch2} = 3 + 1.5 = 4.5 \mu\text{F}.

Answer: 4.5μF4.5 \mu\text{F}
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