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Physics
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Capacitance

NEET · Physics · Capacitance

A circuit is connected to a 24 V battery. The circuit consists of...

A circuit is connected to a 24 V24\text{ V} battery. The circuit consists of C1=6 μFC_1 = 6\ \mu\text{F} and C2=3 μFC_2 = 3\ \mu\text{F} connected in series. This series combination is connected in parallel with C3=2 μFC_3 = 2\ \mu\text{F}. Finally, this entire parallel block is connected in series with C4=4 μFC_4 = 4\ \mu\text{F}. Match the physical quantities in List-I with their numerical values in List-II.

List-IList-II
(A) Equivalent capacitance of the circuit(I) 4 V4\text{ V}
(B) Charge on capacitor C4C_4(II) 2 μF2\ \mu\text{F}
(C) Potential difference across C1C_1(III) 48 μC48\ \mu\text{C}
(D) Charge on capacitor C3C_3(IV) 24 μC24\ \mu\text{C}

Options

  1. A(A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III)
  2. B(A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
  3. C(A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)
  4. D(A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)

Correct answer

C. (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)

Step-by-step solution

The equivalent capacitance of C1C_1 and C2C_2 in series is C12=6×36+3=2 μFC_{12} = \dfrac{6 \times 3}{6 + 3} = 2\ \mu\text{F}.

This combination is in parallel with C3=2 μFC_3 = 2\ \mu\text{F}, so the equivalent capacitance of the parallel block is C123=2+2=4 μFC_{123} = 2 + 2 = 4\ \mu\text{F}.

The parallel block is in series with C4=4 μFC_4 = 4\ \mu\text{F}. The total equivalent capacitance of the circuit is Ceq=4×44+4=2 μFC_{eq} = \dfrac{4 \times 4}{4 + 4} = 2\ \mu\text{F}. This matches (A) with (II).

The total charge drawn from the battery is Qtotal=Ceq×V=2 μF×24 V=48 μCQ_{total} = C_{eq} \times V = 2\ \mu\text{F} \times 24\text{ V} = 48\ \mu\text{C}.
Since C4C_4 is in series with the rest of the circuit, the charge on C4C_4 is the total charge, 48 μC48\ \mu\text{C}. This matches (B) with (III).

The potential difference across C4C_4 is V4=Q4C4=48 μC4 μF=12 VV_4 = \dfrac{Q_4}{C_4} = \dfrac{48\ \mu\text{C}}{4\ \mu\text{F}} = 12\text{ V}.
The potential difference across the parallel block is V123=24 V−12 V=12 VV_{123} = 24\text{ V} - 12\text{ V} = 12\text{ V}.

The charge on C3C_3 is Q3=C3×V123=2 μF×12 V=24 μCQ_3 = C_3 \times V_{123} = 2\ \mu\text{F} \times 12\text{ V} = 24\ \mu\text{C}. This matches (D) with (IV).

The charge on the series branch containing C1C_1 and C2C_2 is Q12=C12×V123=2 μF×12 V=24 μCQ_{12} = C_{12} \times V_{123} = 2\ \mu\text{F} \times 12\text{ V} = 24\ \mu\text{C}.
Since C1C_1 and C2C_2 are in series, the charge on C1C_1 is 24 μC24\ \mu\text{C}.
The potential difference across C1C_1 is V1=Q1C1=24 μC6 μF=4 VV_1 = \dfrac{Q_1}{C_1} = \dfrac{24\ \mu\text{C}}{6\ \mu\text{F}} = 4\text{ V}. This matches (C) with (I).

Answer: (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)
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