Statement 1: Voltage across a battery is always less than its emf. and Statement 2 : There is always some loss of energy due to internal resistance of the battery.

Step-by-step solution

- Statement 1: Voltage across a battery is always less than its emf. - This is true in most practical scenarios. The terminal voltage (V ) of a battery is given by (V= emf -I r ), where (I ) is the current and (r ) is the internal resistance. When current flows through the circuit, some voltage drop occurs across the internal resistance, making the terminal voltage less than the emf. If no current flows, the terminal voltage is equal to the emf. Therefore, the statement holds true for real batteries under load. - S