NEETPhysicsElectromagnetic Waves
In an electromagnetic wave propagating in vacuum, what fraction of the total average energy density is contributed by the electric field component? (where c is the speed of light in vacuum)
Options
- A1 c
- Bc 1+c
- C1 2
- D1 c^2
Correct answer
C. 1 2
Step-by-step solution
In an electromagnetic wave, the energy is equally divided between the electric and magnetic fields. The average energy density of the electric field ( u_E ) is equal to the average energy density of the magnetic field ( u_B ). Total average energy density, u = u_E + u_B = 2u_E Therefore, the fraction of the total energy density contributed by the electric field is u_E u = u_E 2u_E = 1 2 . Answer: 1 2