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NEET
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NEET
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Physics
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Atomic Physics

NEET · Physics · Atomic Physics

For an electron in different orbits of a hydrogen-like ion, which...

For an electron in different orbits of a hydrogen-like ion, which of the following correctly describes the graph of log⁡10(K)\log_{10}(K) plotted against log⁡10(r)\log_{10}(r), where KK is the kinetic energy and rr is the orbital radius?

Options

  1. AA straight line with a slope of +1+1
  2. BA straight line with a slope of −1-1
  3. CA straight line with a slope of −2-2
  4. DA curve with a continuously changing negative slope

Correct answer

B. A straight line with a slope of −1-1

Step-by-step solution

The kinetic energy KK of an electron in a hydrogen-like ion is given by:
K=14πε0Ze22rK = \dfrac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0} \dfrac{Ze^2}{2r}

This shows that KK is inversely proportional to rr, which can be written as K=CrK = \dfrac{C}{r}, where CC is a positive constant.

Taking the logarithm to the base 10 on both sides gives:
log⁡10(K)=log⁡10(C)−log⁡10(r)\log_{10}(K) = \log_{10}(C) - \log_{10}(r)

Comparing this with the equation of a straight line, y=mx+cy = mx + c, where y=log⁡10(K)y = \log_{10}(K) and x=log⁡10(r)x = \log_{10}(r), we get the slope m=−1m = -1.

Thus, the graph is a straight line with a slope of −1-1.

Answer: A straight line with a slope of −1-1
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