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NEET
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Physics
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Atomic Physics

NEET · Physics · Atomic Physics

In a muonic hydrogen atom, a muon (which has a mass 200 times that...

In a muonic hydrogen atom, a muon (which has a mass 200200 times that of an electron) replaces the electron and revolves around the proton. If the muon and a normal electron are moving with the exact same orbital speed in their respective hydrogenic atoms, what is the ratio of the radius of the muon's orbit to the radius of the normal electron's orbit (rμ:rer_{\mu} : r_e)?

Options

  1. A200:1200 : 1
  2. B1:11 : 1
  3. C1:14.141 : 14.14
  4. D1:2001 : 200

Correct answer

D. 1:2001 : 200

Step-by-step solution

For a particle of mass mm and charge ee revolving around a proton with speed vv in an orbit of radius rr, the centripetal force is provided by the electrostatic force of attraction.

mv2r=14πϵ0e2r2\dfrac{mv^2}{r} = \dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\dfrac{e^2}{r^2}

Rearranging for the radius rr:

r=14πϵ0e2mv2r = \dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\dfrac{e^2}{mv^2}

For a fixed orbital speed vv, the radius rr is inversely proportional to the mass mm of the revolving particle (r∝1mr \propto \dfrac{1}{m}).

Therefore, the ratio of the radii is:

rμre=memμ=me200me=1200\dfrac{r_{\mu}}{r_e} = \dfrac{m_e}{m_{\mu}} = \dfrac{m_e}{200 m_e} = \dfrac{1}{200}

The ratio is 1:2001 : 200.

Answer: 1:2001 : 200
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