A specialized Vernier calliper has its main scale graduated such that 1 main scale division is equal to 0.5 mm. Twenty Vernier scale divisions are equal to nineteen main scale divisions. When the jaws are fully closed, the zero of the Vernier scale is to the right of the zero of the main scale, and the 5^ th Vernier division coincides with a main scale division. While measuring the diameter of a cylinder, the main sc

Step-by-step solution

The least count (LC) of the Vernier calliper is calculated as: 1 MSD = 0.5 mm 20 VSD = 19 MSD 1 VSD = 19 20 0.5 mm = 0.475 mm LC = 1 MSD - 1 VSD = 0.5 mm - 0.475 mm = 0.025 mm = 0.0025 cm When the jaws are closed, the Vernier zero is to the right of the main scale zero, indicating a positive zero error. Zero error = +5 LC = +5 0.0025 cm = +0.0125 cm During the measurement, the observed reading is: Observed reading = Main scale reading + ( Vernier scale reading LC ) Observed reading = 1.5 cm + (12 0.0025 cm ) = 1.5