Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): In a reversible Carnot cycle, the magnitude of the net work done by the gas is equal to the heat absorbed during the isothermal expansion. Reason (R): In a reversible Carnot cycle, the work done during the adiabatic expansion is exactly equal and opposite to the work done during the adiabatic compr

Step-by-step solution

Assertion (A) is false: According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, no heat engine can have 100% efficiency. In a Carnot cycle, some heat ( q_ out ) must be rejected during the isothermal compression. Therefore, the magnitude of the net work done ( |w_ net | = q_ in - q_ out ) is strictly less than the heat absorbed ( q_ in ) during the isothermal expansion. Reason (R) is true: For an ideal gas, the internal energy change depends only on temperature ( U = nC_v T ). In a Carnot cycle operating between temperature