Match List I with List II. List I (Process for an ideal gas) List II (Thermodynamic condition) (A) Isothermal reversible expansion (I) S_ total > 0 (B) Isothermal irreversible expansion (II) w = 0 (C) Adiabatic reversible expansion (III) S_ total = 0 (D) Isothermal free expansion (IV) q = 0 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Step-by-step solution

For any reversible process, the total entropy change of the universe is zero, so S_ total = 0 for isothermal reversible expansion (A III). For any irreversible (spontaneous) process, the total entropy of the universe increases, so S_ total > 0 for isothermal irreversible expansion (B I). In an adiabatic process, there is no heat exchange with the surroundings, so q = 0 (C IV). During free expansion, the gas expands against zero external pressure ( P_ ext = 0 ), so the work done w = 0 (D II). Answer: (A)-(III), (B)-