Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): During the isothermal expansion of an ideal gas, its internal energy increases. Reason (R): The internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on its temperature and is independent of its pressure and volume. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options gi

Step-by-step solution

For an ideal gas, there are no intermolecular forces of attraction. Hence, its internal energy is entirely kinetic and depends only on its absolute temperature. It is independent of pressure and volume. Thus, Reason (R) is true. During an isothermal process, the temperature remains constant ( T = 0 ). Since the internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature, the change in internal energy ( U ) must be zero. Therefore, the internal energy remains constant during isothermal expansion, making Assertion (A