Identify the correct statements with reference to the given reaction ( P ₄+3 OH ⁻+3 H ₂ O PH ₃+3 H ₂ PO ₂⁻ ) (a) Phosphorus is undergoing reduction only (b) Phosphorus is undergoing oxidation only (c) Phosphorus is undergoing oxidation as well as reduction (d) Hydrogen is undergoing neither oxidation nor reduction

Step-by-step solution

Write the O.N. of each element above its symbol, then ( 0 P ₄ +3 -2+1 OH ⁻ +3 H ₂⁺¹⁻² -3+1 O ⁻³⁺¹ +1 PH ₃ +3 H ₂ +1 PO ₂⁻ ) In this reaction, ( O . N ). of P increases from O in ( P ₄ ) to +1 in ( H ₂ PO ₂⁻ )and decreases to -3 in ( PH ₃ ), therefore, P undergoes both oxidation as well as reduction. Thus, options (a) and (b) are wrong and option (c) is correct. Further, O .N. of H remains +1 in all the compounds, i.e., H neither undergoes oxidation nor reduction. Thus, option (d) is correct.