In 1990, a 4-year-old girl suffering from adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency was treated by introducing functional genes into her cells. Identify the specific clinical approach used for this treatment.

Step-by-step solution

The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. This disorder is caused due to the deletion of the gene for adenosine deaminase. Gene therapy involves the introduction of functional genes into an individual's cells and tissues to treat a disease, compensating for the non-functional gene. Molecular diagnosis refers to early detection techniques like PCR and ELISA. Gene cloning is a technique to create copies of a gene, and bioprospecting explores mole