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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Circular Motion

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Circular Motion

A particle travels in a circle of radius 1.0 cm with a speed given...

A particle travels in a circle of radius 1.0 cm1.0 \text{ cm} with a speed given by v=2.0tv = 2.0 t, where vv is in cm/s\text{cm/s} and tt is in seconds. Calculate the magnitude of the particle's acceleration at t=1 st = 1 \text{ s}.

Options

  1. A2.0 cm/s22.0 \text{ cm/s}^2
  2. B20 cm/s2\sqrt{20} \text{ cm/s}^2
  3. C4.0 cm/s24.0 \text{ cm/s}^2
  4. D6.0 cm/s26.0 \text{ cm/s}^2

Correct answer

B. 20 cm/s2\sqrt{20} \text{ cm/s}^2

Step-by-step solution

The speed of the particle is given by v=2.0tv = 2.0 t.

The tangential acceleration is the rate of change of speed:

at=dvdt=2.0 cm/s2a_t = \dfrac{dv}{dt} = 2.0 \text{ cm/s}^2

At t=1 st = 1 \text{ s}, the speed is:

v=2.0(1)=2.0 cm/sv = 2.0(1) = 2.0 \text{ cm/s}

The radial (centripetal) acceleration is:

ar=v2R=(2.0)21.0=4.0 cm/s2a_r = \dfrac{v^2}{R} = \dfrac{(2.0)^2}{1.0} = 4.0 \text{ cm/s}^2

The total acceleration is the vector sum of the tangential and radial accelerations:

a=at2+ar2a = \sqrt{a_t^2 + a_r^2}

a=(2.0)2+(4.0)2a = \sqrt{(2.0)^2 + (4.0)^2}

a=4.0+16.0=20 cm/s2a = \sqrt{4.0 + 16.0} = \sqrt{20} \text{ cm/s}^2
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