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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Some Mechanical Properties of Matter

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Some Mechanical Properties of Matter

A wire forming a loop is submerged into a soap solution and...

A wire forming a loop is submerged into a soap solution and removed, establishing a film of soap solution. A loop of thread 6.28 cm6.28 \text{ cm} long is gently placed on the film, and the film is subsequently pricked with a needle inside the loop. The thread loop assumes a circular shape. Determine the tension in the thread. The surface tension of the soap solution is 0.030 N/m0.030 \text{ N/m}.

Options

  1. A1.5×10−4 N1.5 \times 10^{-4} \text{ N}
  2. B6.0×10−4 N6.0 \times 10^{-4} \text{ N}
  3. C3.0×10−4 N3.0 \times 10^{-4} \text{ N}
  4. D1.2×10−3 N1.2 \times 10^{-3} \text{ N}

Correct answer

B. 6.0×10−4 N6.0 \times 10^{-4} \text{ N}

Step-by-step solution

The length of the thread loop is given by L=2πR=6.28 cm=6.28×10−2 mL = 2\pi R = 6.28 \text{ cm} = 6.28 \times 10^{-2} \text{ m}.

The radius of the circular loop is R=6.28×10−22×3.14=10−2 mR = \dfrac{6.28 \times 10^{-2}}{2 \times 3.14} = 10^{-2} \text{ m}.

When the film inside the loop is pricked, the outer soap film pulls the thread radially outward. Since a soap film has two free surfaces, the outward force per unit length is 2S2S, where SS is the surface tension.

Considering a small element of the thread subtending an angle dθd\theta at the center, the outward force on this element is dF=(2S)(Rdθ)dF = (2S)(R d\theta).

This outward force is balanced by the inward radial component of the tension TT in the thread. The inward force is 2Tsin⁡(dθ2)≈Tdθ2T \sin\left(\dfrac{d\theta}{2}\right) \approx T d\theta.

Equating the forces:

Tdθ=2SRdθT d\theta = 2S R d\theta

T=2SRT = 2SR

Substituting the given values S=0.030 N/mS = 0.030 \text{ N/m} and R=10−2 mR = 10^{-2} \text{ m}:

T=2×0.030×10−2=6.0×10−4 NT = 2 \times 0.030 \times 10^{-2} = 6.0 \times 10^{-4} \text{ N}
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