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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Some Mechanical Properties of Matter

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Some Mechanical Properties of Matter

Falling vertically in glycerine, a metal sphere has a mass of 50 mg...

Falling vertically in glycerine, a metal sphere has a mass of 50 mg50 \text{ mg} and a radius of 1 mm1 \text{ mm}. The coefficient of viscosity for glycerine at room temperature is 8.0 poise8.0 \text{ poise} and its density is 1260 kg/m31260 \text{ kg/m}^3. Determine the terminal velocity at which the sphere will travel downward without acceleration.

Options

  1. A1.5 cm/s1.5 \text{ cm/s}
  2. B2.9 cm/s2.9 \text{ cm/s}
  3. C5.8 cm/s5.8 \text{ cm/s}
  4. D3.3 cm/s3.3 \text{ cm/s}

Correct answer

B. 2.9 cm/s2.9 \text{ cm/s}

Step-by-step solution

Given:
Mass of the sphere, m=50 mg=50×10−6 kgm = 50 \text{ mg} = 50 \times 10^{-6} \text{ kg}
Radius of the sphere, r=1 mm=10−3 mr = 1 \text{ mm} = 10^{-3} \text{ m}
Coefficient of viscosity, η=8.0 poise=0.8 Pa⋅s\eta = 8.0 \text{ poise} = 0.8 \text{ Pa}\cdot\text{s}
Density of glycerine, ρ=1260 kg/m3\rho = 1260 \text{ kg/m}^3
Acceleration due to gravity, g=9.8 m/s2g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2

Volume of the sphere, V=43πr3V = \dfrac{4}{3}\pi r^3

Buoyant force, FB=Vρg=43πr3ρgF_B = V\rho g = \dfrac{4}{3}\pi r^3 \rho g

Weight of the sphere, W=mgW = mg

At terminal velocity vtv_t, the net downward force is balanced by the viscous drag force (Stokes' law):

6πηrvt=W−FB6\pi\eta r v_t = W - F_B

vt=mg−43πr3ρg6πηrv_t = \dfrac{mg - \dfrac{4}{3}\pi r^3 \rho g}{6\pi\eta r}

Calculating the mass of displaced glycerine:
m′=43×227×(10−3)3×1260=5.28×10−6 kgm' = \dfrac{4}{3} \times \dfrac{22}{7} \times (10^{-3})^3 \times 1260 = 5.28 \times 10^{-6} \text{ kg}

Net downward force:
W−FB=(50×10−6−5.28×10−6)×9.8=44.72×10−6×9.8=4.38×10−4 NW - F_B = (50 \times 10^{-6} - 5.28 \times 10^{-6}) \times 9.8 = 44.72 \times 10^{-6} \times 9.8 = 4.38 \times 10^{-4} \text{ N}

Viscous drag coefficient:
6πηr=6×227×0.8×10−3=1.51×10−2 kg/s6\pi\eta r = 6 \times \dfrac{22}{7} \times 0.8 \times 10^{-3} = 1.51 \times 10^{-2} \text{ kg/s}

Terminal velocity:
vt=4.38×10−41.51×10−2=2.9×10−2 m/s=2.9 cm/sv_t = \dfrac{4.38 \times 10^{-4}}{1.51 \times 10^{-2}} = 2.9 \times 10^{-2} \text{ m/s} = 2.9 \text{ cm/s}
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