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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Some Mechanical Properties of Matter

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Some Mechanical Properties of Matter

Using the following data, estimate the speed of vertically falling...

Using the following data, estimate the speed of vertically falling raindrops: radius of the drops =0.02 cm= 0.02 \text{ cm}, viscosity of air =1.8×10−4 poise= 1.8 \times 10^{-4} \text{ poise}, g=10 m/s2g = 10 \text{ m/s}^2, and density of water =1000 kg/m3= 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3.

Options

  1. A0.5 m/s0.5 \text{ m/s}
  2. B22 m/s22 \text{ m/s}
  3. C5 m/s5 \text{ m/s}
  4. D50 m/s50 \text{ m/s}

Correct answer

C. 5 m/s5 \text{ m/s}

Step-by-step solution

The terminal velocity vtv_t of a spherical drop falling through a viscous medium is given by Stokes' law:

vt=29r2(ρ−σ)gηv_t = \dfrac{2}{9} \dfrac{r^2 (\rho - \sigma) g}{\eta}

Given:
Radius of the raindrop, r=0.02 cm=2×10−4 mr = 0.02 \text{ cm} = 2 \times 10^{-4} \text{ m}
Density of water, ρ=1000 kg/m3\rho = 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3
Density of air, σ≈0\sigma \approx 0 (negligible compared to water)
Viscosity of air, η=1.8×10−4 poise=1.8×10−5 Pa⋅s\eta = 1.8 \times 10^{-4} \text{ poise} = 1.8 \times 10^{-5} \text{ Pa}\cdot\text{s} (since 1 poise=0.1 Pa⋅s1 \text{ poise} = 0.1 \text{ Pa}\cdot\text{s})
Acceleration due to gravity, g=10 m/s2g = 10 \text{ m/s}^2

Substituting the values into the formula:

vt=29×(2×10−4)2×1000×101.8×10−5v_t = \dfrac{2}{9} \times \dfrac{(2 \times 10^{-4})^2 \times 1000 \times 10}{1.8 \times 10^{-5}}

vt=29×4×10−8×1041.8×10−5v_t = \dfrac{2}{9} \times \dfrac{4 \times 10^{-8} \times 10^4}{1.8 \times 10^{-5}}

vt=8×10−416.2×10−5v_t = \dfrac{8 \times 10^{-4}}{16.2 \times 10^{-5}}

vt=8016.2≈4.94 m/sv_t = \dfrac{80}{16.2} \approx 4.94 \text{ m/s}

Rounding to the nearest integer, the speed of the vertically falling raindrops is approximately 5 m/s5 \text{ m/s}.
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