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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Sound Waves

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Sound Waves

A copper rod of length 1.0 m is clamped at its middle point....

A copper rod of length 1.0 m1.0 \text{ m} is clamped at its middle point. Determine the frequencies between 20 Hz20 \text{ Hz} and 20,000 Hz20{,}000 \text{ Hz} at which standing longitudinal waves can be established in the rod. The speed of sound in copper is 3.8 km s−13.8 \text{ km s}^{-1}.

Options

  1. A3.8n kHz3.8n \text{ kHz}, where n=1,2,3,4,5n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
  2. B1.9n kHz1.9n \text{ kHz}, where n=1,2,3,…,10n = 1, 2, 3, \ldots, 10
  3. C1.9(2n−1) kHz1.9(2n - 1) \text{ kHz}, where n=1,2,3,4,5n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
  4. D1.9(2n−1) kHz1.9(2n - 1) \text{ kHz}, where n=1,2,3,…,10n = 1, 2, 3, \ldots, 10

Correct answer

C. 1.9(2n−1) kHz1.9(2n - 1) \text{ kHz}, where n=1,2,3,4,5n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Step-by-step solution

The rod is clamped at its middle point, which means a node is formed at the center and antinodes are formed at the two free ends.

The distance from the clamped center to either free end is L2\dfrac{L}{2}. For standing waves, this distance must be an odd multiple of λ4\dfrac{\lambda}{4}.

L2=(2n−1)λ4\dfrac{L}{2} = (2n - 1)\dfrac{\lambda}{4}

λ=2L2n−1\lambda = \dfrac{2L}{2n - 1}

The corresponding frequencies are:

fn=vλ=(2n−1)v2Lf_n = \dfrac{v}{\lambda} = \dfrac{(2n - 1)v}{2L}

Substituting v=3800 m s−1v = 3800 \text{ m s}^{-1} and L=1.0 mL = 1.0 \text{ m}:

fn=(2n−1)×38002×1.0=1900(2n−1) Hz=1.9(2n−1) kHzf_n = \dfrac{(2n - 1) \times 3800}{2 \times 1.0} = 1900(2n - 1) \text{ Hz} = 1.9(2n - 1) \text{ kHz}

The frequencies must lie between 20 Hz20 \text{ Hz} and 20,000 Hz20{,}000 \text{ Hz} (20 kHz20 \text{ kHz}).

1.9(2n−1)≤201.9(2n - 1) \le 20

2n−1≤10.522n - 1 \le 10.52

2n≤11.52⇒n≤5.762n \le 11.52 \Rightarrow n \le 5.76

Since nn is an integer, n=1,2,3,4,5n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
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