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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Sound Waves

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Sound Waves

A sound source is fixed at the origin and continuously emits sound...

A sound source is fixed at the origin and continuously emits sound at a frequency of 660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}. The sound propagates through air at a speed of 330 m s−1330 \text{ m s}^{-1}. A listener travels along the line x=336 mx = 336 \text{ m} with a constant speed of 26 m s−126 \text{ m s}^{-1}. Calculate the frequency of the sound observed by the listener when he is positioned at y=−140 my = -140 \text{ m}.

Options

  1. A660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}
  2. B712 Hz712 \text{ Hz}
  3. C680 Hz680 \text{ Hz}
  4. D640 Hz640 \text{ Hz}

Correct answer

C. 680 Hz680 \text{ Hz}

Step-by-step solution

The position of the source is S(0,0)andthelistenerisatS(0, 0) and the listener is atL(336, -140).<br><br>Thedistancebetweenthesourceandthelisteneris.<br><br>The distance between the source and the listener isd = \sqrt{336^2 + (-140)^2} = \sqrt{112896 + 19600} = 364 \text{ m}.<br><br>Assumingthelistenermovesinthepositive.<br><br>Assuming the listener moves in the positivey−direction,thevelocityofthelisteneris-direction, the velocity of the listener is\vec{v}_L = 26 \hat{j} \text{ m s}^{-1}.<br><br>Theunitvectorfromthelistenertothesourceis.<br><br>The unit vector from the listener to the source is\hat{u} = \dfrac{-336 \hat{i} + 140 \hat{j}}{364} = -\dfrac{12}{13} \hat{i} + \dfrac{5}{13} \hat{j}.<br><br>Thecomponentofthelistener′svelocitytowardsthesourceis.<br><br>The component of the listener's velocity towards the source isv_{L \parallel} = \vec{v}_L \cdot \hat{u} = (26 \hat{j}) \cdot \left( -\dfrac{12}{13} \hat{i} + \dfrac{5}{13} \hat{j} \right) = 26 \times \dfrac{5}{13} = 10 \text{ m s}^{-1}.<br><br>UsingtheDopplereffectformula,theobservedfrequencyis:<br><br>.<br><br>Using the Doppler effect formula, the observed frequency is:<br><br>f' = f_0 \left(\dfrac{v + v_{L \parallel}}{v} \right)

f' = 660 \left(\dfrac{330 + 10}{330} \right) =660×660 \times\dfrac{340}{330} =680 Hz680 \text{ Hz}.

Answer: 680 Hz680 \text{ Hz}
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