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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Sound Waves

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Sound Waves

A sound source is fixed at the origin and continuously emits sound...

A sound source is fixed at the origin and continuously emits sound at a frequency of 660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}. The sound propagates through air at a speed of 330 m s−1330 \text{ m s}^{-1}. A listener travels along the line x=336 mx = 336 \text{ m} with a constant speed of 26 m s−126 \text{ m s}^{-1}. Calculate the frequency of the sound observed by the listener when he is positioned at y=140 my = 140 \text{ m}.

Options

  1. A608 Hz608 \text{ Hz}
  2. B680 Hz680 \text{ Hz}
  3. C640 Hz640 \text{ Hz}
  4. D660 Hz660 \text{ Hz}

Correct answer

C. 640 Hz640 \text{ Hz}

Step-by-step solution

The position of the sound source is at the origin (0,0)(0, 0).

The position of the listener is (336,140)(336, 140).

The distance between the source and the listener is:

r=3362+1402=112896+19600=132496=364 mr = \sqrt{336^2 + 140^2} = \sqrt{112896 + 19600} = \sqrt{132496} = 364 \text{ m}

Assuming the listener travels in the positive y-direction, the velocity of the listener is v⃗L=26j^ m s−1\vec{v}_L = 26 \hat{j} \text{ m s}^{-1}.

The unit vector along the line joining the source to the listener is:

r^=336i^+140j^364=1213i^+513j^\hat{r} = \dfrac{336 \hat{i} + 140 \hat{j}}{364} = \dfrac{12}{13} \hat{i} + \dfrac{5}{13} \hat{j}

The component of the listener's velocity along the line of sight (away from the source) is:

vo=v⃗L⋅r^=(26j^)⋅(1213i^+513j^)=26×513=10 m s−1v_o = \vec{v}_L \cdot \hat{r} = (26 \hat{j}) \cdot \left( \dfrac{12}{13} \hat{i} + \dfrac{5}{13} \hat{j} \right) = 26 \times \dfrac{5}{13} = 10 \text{ m s}^{-1}

Since the listener is moving away from the source, the apparent frequency f′f' is given by the Doppler effect formula:

f' = f_0 \left(\dfrac{v - v_o}{v} \right)

Substituting the given values:

f' = 660 \left(\dfrac{330 - 10}{330} \right) =660 \left(\dfrac{320}{330} \right) =2×320=640 Hz2 \times 320 = 640 \text{ Hz}
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