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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Work and Energy

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Work and Energy

A spring with natural length h and spring constant k has one end...

A spring with natural length hh and spring constant kk has one end fixed to the ground. The opposite end is connected to a smooth ring of mass mm that can slide along a fixed horizontal rod at a height hh, as shown in the figure. The system is released from rest when the spring initially makes an angle of 37∘37^\circ with the vertical. Determine the speed of the ring at the instant the spring becomes vertical.
A spring with natural length h and spring constant k has one end fixed to the ground. The opposite end is connected to

Options

  1. Ah5km\dfrac{h}{5}\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}
  2. Bh2km\dfrac{h}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}
  3. Ch4km\dfrac{h}{4}\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}
  4. Dh16km\dfrac{h}{16}\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}

Correct answer

C. h4km\dfrac{h}{4}\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}

Step-by-step solution

Let the initial length of the spring be LL. From the given geometry, the vertical height is hh and the spring makes an angle of 37∘37^\circ with the vertical.

Lcos⁡37∘=hL \cos 37^\circ = h

L=hcos⁡37∘=h4/5=5h4L = \dfrac{h}{\cos 37^\circ} = \dfrac{h}{4/5} = \dfrac{5h}{4}

The initial extension in the spring is:

x=L−h=5h4−h=h4x = L - h = \dfrac{5h}{4} - h = \dfrac{h}{4}

The initial mechanical energy of the system consists only of the elastic potential energy of the spring (since the ring is released from rest and gravitational potential energy remains constant):

Ei=12kx2=12k(h4)2=kh232E_i = \dfrac{1}{2}kx^2 = \dfrac{1}{2}k\left(\dfrac{h}{4}\right)^2 = \dfrac{kh^2}{32}

When the spring becomes vertical, its length is equal to the height hh, which is its natural length. Thus, the final elastic potential energy is zero. The final mechanical energy is purely the kinetic energy of the ring:

Ef=12mv2E_f = \dfrac{1}{2}mv^2

By the principle of conservation of mechanical energy:

Ei=EfE_i = E_f

12mv2=kh232\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2 = \dfrac{kh^2}{32}

v2=kh216mv^2 = \dfrac{kh^2}{16m}

v=h4kmv = \dfrac{h}{4}\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}
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