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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Rest and Motion Kinematics

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Rest and Motion Kinematics

The position of a particle moving on the X-axis is shown as a...

The position of a particle moving on the X-axis is shown as a function of time in the figure.
The position of a particle moving on the X-axis is shown as a function of time in the figure.

Options

  1. AThe velocity is continuously positive from t=0t = 0 to t=6 st = 6 \text{ s}.
  2. BThe average velocity over the entire period shown is negative.
  3. CThe maximum speed is reached at t=6 st = 6 \text{ s}.
  4. DThe particle comes to rest exactly 66 times.

Correct answer

D. The particle comes to rest exactly 66 times.

Step-by-step solution

The velocity of the particle is given by the slope of the position-time (x−tx-t) graph, v=dxdtv = \dfrac{dx}{dt}.

Analyzing Option (1): The slope of the graph alternates between positive and negative values between t=0t = 0 and t=6 st = 6 \text{ s}. It is not continuously positive. Hence, option (1) is incorrect.

Analyzing Option (2): The average velocity is defined as the total displacement divided by the total time, vavg=xf−xiΔtv_{\text{avg}} = \dfrac{x_f - x_i}{\Delta t}. From the graph, the initial position at t=0t = 0 is xi≈15 mx_i \approx 15 \text{ m}, and the final position at the end of the shown period is xf≈12 mx_f \approx 12 \text{ m}. Since xf<xix_f < x_i, the total displacement is negative, which means the average velocity is negative. Hence, option (2) is correct.

Analyzing Option (3): The speed is the magnitude of the velocity, which corresponds to the steepness (absolute value of the slope) of the x−tx-t graph. The steepest slope occurs around t=2.2 st = 2.2 \text{ s} or t=3.8 st = 3.8 \text{ s}, not at t=6 st = 6 \text{ s}. Hence, option (3) is incorrect.

Analyzing Option (4): The particle comes to rest when its velocity is zero, which corresponds to the points where the tangent to the x−tx-t curve is horizontal (local maxima and minima). Counting these turning points on the graph, there are exactly 66 such points (three minima and three maxima). Hence, option (4) is correct.
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